Endocrine Abstracts

Background: Patients with neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) have a 5-year survival rate of 30-60%. Surgery, and newly approved ‘tar-geted radionuclide therapy (TRT)’ with [177Lu]DOTATATE, are the only curative options for patients with NETs. TRT is limited to pa--tients that have high levels of somatostatin receptor subtype 2 (SSTR2) and can im-prove the survival of patients with low-grade tumors, but has little effect on high-grade NETs that express low SSTR2 ...

Our understanding of modifiable risk factors for developing primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) may support interventions to prevent the development of the disease or reduce its severity and deepen our insights into its pathogenesis. Obesity has been associated with elevated serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) in the general population and may also alter the clinical presentation in patients with PHPT.Objectives: The objectives of the study were to compare th...

The spectrum of lesions in the sellar and parasellar region includes a wide range of diseases, from the most common adenoma to various non-adenomatous lesions i.a. empty sella syndrome, stroke and congenital conditions. We identified a case of meningitis in which the images initially suggested the presence of a pituitary macroadenoma. The 45-year-old patient without chronic diseases was admitted to the Department of Neurology due to severe headaches and vomiting that had woken...

Metastatic involvement of the pituitary gland is a rare phenomenon with various clinical and radiological manifestations, but it is clinically important and requires appropriate and early diagnosis. The posterior lobe of the pituitary gland is more often involved, so we expect that AVP deficiency would be the most common clinical manifestation of pituitary metastasis. Presentation without involvement of the posterior lobe, without AVP deficiency and with anterior lobe hypofunc...

Chordomas of the skull base are rare lesions, which account for less than 0.2% of all intracranial tumours. They arise from embryonic remnants of the primitive notochord. They are described as locally aggressive, rarely metastatic tumours with a tendency to frequent relapses. They usually grow slowly with the destruction of the surrounding tissues. The symptoms are very unspecific which is the cause of the delay of the diagnosis. The most common initial symptoms are headaches ...

Introduction: Hormone macromolecules are complexes of hormones with other compounds, most often with IgG immunoglobulin. They show variable immunoreactivity in immunochemical tests (IRMA, ELISA, CLIA, ECLIA) and usually have a weak biological effect. They can interfere with immunological assays of various hormones. Some known hormone macrocomplexes are: BB-PRL (24% - 34%), macro-TSH (0.6% - 1.2%) and very rare macromolecules of various hormones: calcitonin, PTH, insulin (singl...

Introduction: Familial and hereditary forms of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) represent a small minority of all patients with PHPT (5 – 10%). The surgical approach is different in such cases than in sporadic PHPT. Hereditary PHPT may be syndromic (multiple endocrine neoplasia: MEN – type 1, 2A or 4 and others) or nonsyndromic (familial isolated PHPT). The aim of the study was to identify and describe hereditary and familial forms of PHPT in patients referred to p...

In the last years an increasing incidence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) has been reported in young adults (18-45 yrs), probably accounted by the significant increase in CV risk (CVR) factors. Observational and interventional studies, mainly focused on middle-aged and elderly men, demonstrated that metabolic CVR (mCVR) factors and CVD manifestations are common in hypogonadal men and, conversely, testosterone deficiency is highly prevalent in metabolic disorders; the lack of ...

Adipose tissue is an endocrine organ releasing adipokines and expressing specific markers and intracellular mediators, which regulate whole-body energy by balancing lipid accumulation and utilization through adipogenesis, the differentiation of preadipocytes into mature adipocytes associated with gradual lipid storage, and lipogenesis, the additional lipid accumulation in mature adipocytes. Adipogenesis and lipogenesis, strongly induced by insulin, occur in white adipocytes, s...

Case Summary: In May 2018, a 22-year-old man was admitted to the Emergency Room of Polyclinic Umberto I Hospital of Rome, because of progressive headaches and binocular diplopia. Brain MRI revealed a heterogeneous T1WI-hypointense and T2WI-hyperintense mass of 40x28x25 mm (CC, LL, AP) including calcification areas in the left paramedian region of the clivus invading the homolateral cavernous sinus. The patient underwent partial tumour resection via infratemporal approach and a...